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Summary
The paper discusses the spectral sum rules and phase transition in strongly coupled QCD. It establishes spectral sum rules for quarks that respect Fermi-Dirac statistics and identifies an intrinsic QCD transition between a three-mode phase at small coupling and a one-mode phase at large coupling.
Highlights
- The spectral function for strongly coupled quarks features continuous but non-analytic contributions from complex energy.
- The system undergoes a transition from a three-mode phase to a one-mode phase as the coupling strength increases.
- The transition is induced by the magnetic scale that generates a massless hydro-like mode with positivity violation.
- The thermal mass serves as an order parameter of the transition and vanishes at large coupling.
- The massless mode is identified as the Goldstone mode of the Lorentz symmetry breaking.
- The phase transition is 2nd order at apparent level.
- The critical coupling is identified as g ≈ 4.562.
Key Insights
- The paper introduces a novel quantity, the spectral density, to capture non-analytic features in the complex-energy plane, revealing a rich and sophisticated phase structure of strongly coupled QCD.
- The transition from a three-mode phase to a one-mode phase is accompanied by the emergence of additional non-analytic features in the complex plane, which gradually leave the real axis as the coupling strength increases.
- The massless mode at large coupling is in surprising agreement with phenomenological predictions from Dyson-Schwinger equations and gauge/gravity duality.
- The thermal mass vanishes across the weak-to-strong g transition, serving as a direct order parameter for the phase transition.
- The speed of sound of the system becomes unity at large coupling, indicating the restoration of Lorentz symmetry.
- The results demonstrate a rich and sophisticated phase structure of strongly coupled QCD, shedding new light on the emergence and mechanism of the QCD deconfinement transition.
- The application of GZ quantization has shown novel phenomenological features of a strongly coupled QCD plasma, and the method developed here may help to understand similar strongly coupled systems, such as the quantum spin liquid.
Mindmap
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Citation
Du, Y.-L., Su, N., & Tywoniuk, K. (2024). Spectral sum rules and phase transition in strongly coupled QCD (Version 1). arXiv. https://doi.org/10.48550/ARXIV.2412.20165